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Valiant's new theory of holographic algorithms is one of the most beautiful ideas in algorithm design in recent memory. It gives a new look on the P versus NP problem. In this theory, information is represented by a superposition of linear vectors in a holographic mix. This mixture creates the possibility for exponential sized cancellations of fragments of local computations. The underlying computation is done by invoking the Fisher-Kasteleyn-Temperley method for counting perfect matchings for planar graphs (Dimer Problem). Holographic algorithms challenge our conception of what polynomial time computation can do, in view of the P vs. NP question.<br>
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In this talk we will survey the developments in holographic algorithms. No specialized background is assumed.